A Supernova doesnt need to boil your oceans and cook your atmosphere. It just has to fill the sky with light. Looking at the Sun causes eye damage and eventual blindness if you look at it long enough, but a Supernova can be big enough to just fill the sky with light for a couple of months so that just looking at the sky during that time causes blindness.
The Wildlife (anything with eyes), Herd Animals, and human population who live their lives outside in that light cannot help but be exposed. And once animals are blind they can no longer move about without injury, search for food, or live their lives with safety. So simple blindness could push ninety percent of those groups to extinction.
Betelgeuse is expected to go Supernova soon. If it does pose that level of global harm we will need to build a vast sunshade ahead of time just to protect ourselves from its blinding light.
We might shelter from the light in a windowless room for a those few months, but the ecosystem we are a part of and are dependent on are pretty much screwed.
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