Memories of Connor's Adventures

Orlando the Adventurer pulled a Scimitar from beneath his Robes and smiled...

Tuesday 16 May 2023

Linguistic Archaeology: Tolkien's Black Speech

Black Speech

1. agh ("and")
2. ash ("one")
3. -at (infinitive suffix, or possibly a specialized "intentive" suffix indicating purpose)
4. Ash nazg durbatulûk ("one Ring to rule them all")
5. bagronk ("cesspool", possibly bag+ronk "cess+pool")
6. búbhosh ("great")
7. búrz ("dark"; isolated from Lugbúrz)
8. burzum ("darkness")
9. dug ("filth", tentatively isolated from pushdug)
10. durb- ("rule", infinitive durbat, only attested with suffixes)
11. durbatulûk ("to rule them all". The verb durb- is remarkably similar to Quenya tur- of similar sense)
12. ghâsh ("fire"- stated to be derived from the Black Speech, may or may not represent Sauron's original form of the word)
13. gimb- ("find", infinitive gimbat, only attested with a pronominal suffix)
14. gimbatul ("to find them")
15. glob ("fool")
16. gûl ("any one of the major invisible servants of Sauron dominated entirely by his will" Translated "wraith" in the compound Nazgûl, "Ringwraiths")
17. hai ("folk", in Uruk-hai "Uruk-folk" and Olog-hai "Troll-folk"; also Oghor-hai)
18. ishi ("in", a suffixed postposition)
19. burzum-ishi ("in the darkness")
20. krimp- ("bind", infinitive krimpat, only attested with a pronominal suffix)
21. krimpatul ("to bind them")
22. lug ("tower". Isolated from Lugbúrz)
23. Lug-búrz ("Tower-dark")
24. nazg ("ring")
25. ash nazg ("one ring")
26. Nazgûl ("Ring-wraiths", nazg gûl)
27. Oghor-hai ("Drúedain" this may or may not be pure Black Speech)
28. olog (a variety of Troll apparently developed by Sauron)
29. Olog-hai ("Olog-people")
30. pushdug ("dungfilth", possibly push+dug "dung+filth")
31. ronk ("pool", tentatively isolated from bagronk)
32. skai (interjection of contempt)
33. sha (interjection of contempt)
34. sharkû ("old man")
35. snaga ("slave" Used of lesser breeds of Orcs)
36. thrak- ("bring", infinitive thrakat, only attested with suffixes)
37. thrakatulûk ("to bring them all")
38. u ("to")
39. -ûk ("all", suffixed to pronominal suffixes)
40. -ulûk ("them all")
41. -ul (pronominal suffix "them")
42. -um ("-ness" in burzum "darkness")
43. uruk (a great variety of Orc. Sauron probably borrowed this word "from the Elvish tongues of earlier times")


Popularity of Use
A      %     E     %      I      %     O      %       U        %
21 48%    0  0%      10 23%   7  16%       23 53%

B      %     C     %      D      %     F      %       G        %
12 27%    0   0%      8    8%     0    0%      18  41%

H      %     J     %      K      %     L      %       M        %
16 37%    0   0%     13 30%    14 32%     6    13%

N      %     P     %      Q      %     R      %       S        %
7  16%     3   6%       0    0%     16 37%     10 23%

T      %     V     %      W      %     X      %       Y        %
6  13%     0   0%      0     0%     0    0%       0    0%

Z      %
8 18%




Popularity of use
53% U: u ("to"),
48% A, U:
41% G, A, U:
37% R, H, G, A, U: agh ("and"),
32% L, R, H, G, A, U: ul (pronominal suffix "them"), lug ("tower". Isolated from Lugbúrz), gûl ("any one of the major invisible servants of Sauron dominated entirely by his will" Translated "wraith" in the compound Nazgûl, "Ringwraiths"),
30% K, L, R, H, G, A, U: -ûk ("all", suffixed to pronominal suffixes), -ulûk ("them all"), uruk (a great variety of Orc. Sauron probably borrowed this word "from the Elvish tongues of earlier times"),
27% B, K, L, R, H, G, A, U:
23% S, I, B, K, L, R, H, G, A, U: skai (interjection of contempt), sha (interjection of contempt), sharkû ("old man"), ash ("one"), ghâsh ("fire"- stated to be derived from the Black Speech, may or may not represent Sauron's original form of the word), ishi ("in", a suffixed postposition), hai ("folk", in Uruk-hai "Uruk-folk" and Olog-hai "Troll-folk"; also Oghor-hai)
18% Z, S, I, B, K, L, R, H, G, A, U: Lug-búrz ("Tower-dark"), búrz ("dark"; isolated from Lugbúrz),
16% N, O, Z, S, I, B, K, L, R, H, G, A, U: ronk ("pool", tentatively isolated from bagronk), snaga ("slave" Used of lesser breeds of Orcs), nazg ("ring"), ash nazg ("one ring"), Nazgûl ("Ring-wraiths", nazg gûl), Oghor-hai ("Drúedain" this may or may not be pure Black Speech), olog (a variety of Troll apparently developed by Sauron), Olog-hai ("Olog-people"), bagronk ("cesspool", possibly bag+ronk "cess+pool"), búbhosh ("great"), glob ("fool"),
13% T, M, N, O, Z, S, I, B, K, L, R, H, G, A, U: thrak- ("bring", infinitive thrakat, only attested with suffixes), thrakatulûk ("to bring them all"), -um ("-ness" in burzum "darkness"), gimb- ("find", infinitive gimbat, only attested with a pronominal suffix), gimbatul ("to find them"), burzum-ishi ("in the darkness"), burzum ("darkness"), -at (infinitive suffix, or possibly a specialized "intentive" suffix indicating purpose),
8% D, T, M, N, O, Z, S, I, B, K, L, R, H, G, A, U: dug ("filth", tentatively isolated from pushdug), durb- ("rule", infinitive durbat, only attested with suffixes), durbatulûk ("to rule them all". The verb durb- is remarkably similar to Quenya tur- of similar sense), Ash nazg durbatulûk ("one Ring to rule them all"),
6% P, D, T, M, N, O, Z, S, I, B, K, L, R, H, G, A, U: pushdug ("dungfilth", possibly push+dug "dung+filth"), krimp- ("bind", infinitive krimpat, only attested with a pronominal suffix), krimpatul ("to bind them"),
0% V, W, X, Y, Q, J, C, F, E

Conclusion: Originating in the U linguistic group;

U group                                  %      Dev. Chain                Bandgap
Sumerian Dictionary          72%    (U; A; S, I; M; R; N)
Tolkien's Black Speech      53%   (U; A; G; R, H)

The earliest word is at 53% with U (to).
There is a cultural Bandgap from 48%-41%.
Linguistic development continues from 37%-30% (The Tower appears at 32%).
A second bandgap occurs at 27%.
Black Speech again begins to develop at 23%- the Orcs encounter Saruman as 'Sharku', the dark tower develops at 18%. The language rising to a Cultural peak at 16% with the appearance of the one ring, and ringwraiths. before declining down to 6% where the full song of the Ring's purpose finaly develops.


Given the dark tower was likely the astronomical observatory tower of the eldar, and then it becomes the dark tower just before Sauron crafts the one Ring, 

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