Memories of Connor's Adventures

Orlando the Adventurer pulled a Scimitar from beneath his Robes and smiled...

Sunday 16 June 2024

Linguistic Archaeology: The Mayans (part 1)


Mayan Dictionary
1. a' (water)
2. a- (you, your [preconsonantal])
3. ka- (our)
4. ak (turtle)
5. k' (stare)
6. ka' (then; two; again)
7. k'ak' (fire)
8. ak'- (give)
9. k'a'- (dissipate, diminish)
10. u- (preconsonantal: his, her, he, she, it, its)
11. uk'- (drink)
12. k'uh- (worship)
13. ha' (water)
14. huk (seven)
15. kuh (owl)
16. uh (necklace, collar; bead)
17. k'uh (god)
18. uh- (awaken)
19. -il (place)
20. il- (see)
21. hil- (rest)
22. k'al- (wrap, bind)
23. akul (turtle)
24. luk' (stucco, plaster)
25. k'uhul (sacred; god-like)
26. al- (say)
27. ha'al (rain)
28. lak (plate, dish; brick)
29. -al (place of abundance of)
30. kal (mouth)
31. ak'al (lagoon, marsh)
32. k'ak'al (fiery)
33. k'al (enclosure, room; completion)
34. ahal (dawn)
35. al (child of mother)
36. kukul (beetle)
37. hul- (arrive)
38. ul- (arrive)
39. ul (atol)
40. k'at- (want)
41. til- (stir fire)
42. til (tapir)
43. tut- (renovate)
44. t'ul (rabbit)
45. tak'- (plaster)
46. -tak ("plural")
47. k'in (sun; season)
48. tun (stone)
49. kan (serpent; sky; four)
50. kanul (serpent)
51. na'- (reveal)
52. k'an (precious, jewel; bench; yellow)
53. ni' (point, nose)
54. kun (platform)
55. -nal (place)
56. nal (person)
57. atan (partner, wife, companion)
58. hun (paper; headband; book; bark)
59. nah (large; house structure; first; great)
60. nun (intermediary, ritual speaker)
61. Iin- (Postclassic Yucatec)
62. ni- (Classic Maya)
63. na' (house structure)
64. k'ak' nal (fire place)
65. lak'in (east)
66. k'intun (drought)
67. nak- (conquer)
68. hun tan (beloved, cherished)
69. tan (before, in front of, belly, stomach, center, chest; amidst; image)
70. k'an tun (bench stone)
71. uch (zarigüella; opossum)
72. ichnal (with, in the presence of)
73. ichil (within)
74. chik'in (west)
75. cha' (two, again)
76. k'uch (vulture; zopilote)
77. ak'ach (turkey)
78. kach- (tie)
79. tunich (stone)
80. chan (serpent; sky; four)
81. chuk- (seize, capture)
82. chilan (ritual interpreter)
83. chikin tun (ring of stone)
84. chak (rain, rain deity; red; great)
85. chich (prognostication)
86. ach (penis)
87. kuch (load, burden)
88. chuch (loom)
89. chahuk (lightning)
90. chitin (kiln, oven)
91. ch'ah (incense; bitter)
92. chanan (guardian)
93. nach (far)
94. ch'at (dwarf, goblin; hunchback)
95. ch'ak- (decapitate, cut)
96. chih (deer)
97. chun- (conjure)
98. ichik (coat)
99. ich'ak (claw)
100. kuch- (carry)
101. chikul (bird)
102. ichki(l)- (bathe)
103. chach (basket)
104. chan (after)
105. bakul (youth, creature)
106. hab (year)
107. kab- (supervise)
108. abak (soot)
109. buch'- (sit)
110. bah (self; first; head; gopher; image; being)
111. bih (road)
112. chak balam (puma)
113. nab (pool, lake)
114. -nib (place)
115. bih tun (pavement)
116. k'ak' nab (ocean)
117. k'ub- (offer, deposit)
118. ak'ab (night)
119. balun lajun (nineteen)
120. balun (many; nine)
121. k'ab (hand, arm)
122. buluk (eleven)
123. chab (earth; bee; beehive, honey)
124. kab (earth; bee; beehive, honey)
125. uk'ib (drinking vessel)
126. buk- (dress)
127. bub (cylinder)
128. bubul (cylindrical)
129. ch'ab- (create, creation)
130. but'- (cover)
131. buk (clothes)
132. ubahil uch'ab (child of parent)
133. anab (carver)
134. bak- (capture, seize)
135. cheb (brush pen)
136. bak (heron; skull, bone; seize, captive)
137. ba' (being)
138. bahah (being)
139. bul (bean)
140. ibach (armadillo)
141. k'aba' (name)
142. habtal (servant)
143. mal (within)
144. lakam (wide)
145. ulum (turkey)
146. amal (toad)
147. ch'am- (take, receive, grasp)
148. k'am- (take, receive, grasp)
149. lakam tun (stela; big, great stone)
150. lum (soil, earth)
151. chum- (sit)
152. chumib (seat)
153. matan (privilege; offering of grace)
154. ukum (pigeon, dove)
155. mak (person; lid, cover)
156. chitam (peccary)
157. mih (north; nothing, "zero")
158. ham- (lie down; open)
159. balam (jaguar)
160. mam (maternal: grandfather, grandson, ancestor)
161. mim (maternal: grandmother)
162. mach- (grab)
163. ch'amak (fox)
164. mak'- (eat soft food)
165. mat (duck)
166. cham- (die)
167. mak- (cover, bethroth)
168. mukil (burial)
169. muk nal (burial place)
170. muk- (bury)
171. mab (box)
172. mut (bird; omen)
173. lakam (banner; great)
174. tim- (appease)
175. jal- (weave)
176. jalab (weaving, ballcourt)
177. laj cha' (twelve)
178. laj ka' (twelve)
179. taj (torch; obsidian; pine)
180. aj much (toad)
181. lajun (ten)
182. jich (surface for writing)
183. jul (spear, perforator, javelin)
184. jul- (spear, perforate, shoot)
185. huk lajun (seventeen)
186. bahaj (self)
187. chijlam (ritual interpreter)
188. aj k'in (priest)
189. nabaj- (pool)
190. -aj (person)
191. jun (one)
192. machaj (north)
193. uhaj (necklace)
194. jach (incised object)
195. ch'aj (incense)
196. huj (iguana)
197. bahaj (image)
198. chan lajun (fourteen)
199. kan lajun (fourteen)
200. chij (deer)
201. ak'taj- (dance)
202. juch (conch-shell)
203. uhaj (collar)
204. mijin (child of father)
205. jukub (canoe)
206. jun tan (beloved, cherished)
207. uhaj (bead)
208. aj- (awaken)
209. koj (puma)
210. ochk'in (west)
211. kot (wall)
212. tojol (tribute, payment)
213. ni'tota (tip)
214. chok- (throw, scatter)
215. nohol (south)
216. jol (skull, head; doorway)
217. jolom (skull, head)
218. tot (robin)
219. ch'oh (rat)
220. nuch- jol (put heads together)
221. -ob ("plural")
222. joch'- (perforate, drill)
223. okib (pedestal)
224. notma' (north)
225. bolon lajun (nineteen)
226. bolon (nine)
227. on (much, many)
228. k'oh (mask)
229. mo' (macaw)
230. olom (lineage)
231. mok (knot)
232. koj- (hit, break)
233. atot (home dwelling)
234. otoch (home dwelling)
235. otot (home dwelling)
236. ol (heart), om (foam)
237. tok' (flint)
238. ho' (five)
239. ho' lajun (fifteen)
240. ok- (enter)
241. och- (enter)
242. ch'ok (young, youth, emergent)
243. ok (dog; foot)
244. kob- (create)
245. tok (cloud)
246. tok- (burn)
247. kokom (auditor)
248. kobatta (ashen-grey)
249. jop- (stoke)
250. pok- (wash)
251. pa' (stream)
252. pik (skirt)
253. pakal (shield)
254. pat- (shape, form, build)
255. patan (service; tribute)
256. puk- (scatter fire)
257. op (parrot), pibnah (oven)
258. palaw (ocean)
259. pop (mat)
260. pakab (lintel)
261. pib nah (kiln)
262. nup- (join)
263. pak- (invert, turn over)
264. pom (incense, copal)
265. pak'- (form; hoist; plant)
266. tap- (extinguish)
267. tup (earflare)
268. tupaj  (earflare)
269. pan- (dig)
270. nupul (counterpart; familiar)
271. pach- (choose)
272. chapat (centipede)
273. pul- (burn)
274. puj (bullrush, cattail reed)
275. pokol (bowl for washing)
276. pip (bird of prey)
277. pat (after, back, later)
278. aw- (you, your [prevocalic])
279. wol- (wrap up; make round)
280. wal (within; fan)
281. winak (twenty; servant, man)
282. muwan (sparrow-hawk)
283. wak lajun (sixteen)
284. wak (six; centipede)
285. wuk lajun (seventeen)
286. wuk (seven)
287. wa'- (set up, erect)
288. wi' (root)
289. wol (round object)
290. winbah (portrait)
291. winik (person, man)
292. winal (period of twenty day)
293. winak hab (period of twenty years)
294. wi'il (meal; last)
295. ajaw (king, lord, ruler)
296. ajawlil (kingship, lordship, rulership)
297. ichiw (heron)
298. ko'haw (helmet, headdress)
299. wojol (glyph)
300. wut (face)
301. mataw (duck)
302. kakaw (cacao)
303. waj (bread)
304. jalaw (ballcourt)
305. alaw (ballcourt)
306. uniw (avocado)
307. tz'ib- (write, paint)
308. tz'ibil (writing, painting)
309. tz'ibal (writing, painting)
310. jatz'- (wound; split)
311. itz'at (wise man, sage)
312. tzik- (venerate),
313. kutz (turkey)
314. k'utz (tobacco)
315. tzutz- (terminate, end)
316. tz'am (throne, seat)
317. latzil (stack)
318. tz'ak- (stack, add, accumulate)
319. butz' (smoke)
320. matz (sage, learned)
321. tz'ap- (plant)
322. witzaj- (pile up)
323. tzuk (part, partition)
324. witz (mountain)
325. ikatz (load)
326. ikitz (load, bundle)
327. manitz'at (learned)
328. batz'ul (howler monkey)
329. batz' (howler monkey)
330. tz'unun (humming bird)
331. witz (hill)
332. tzak- (grab, conjure)
333. utz (good)
334. utzil (goodness)
335. tzihil (fresh)
336. tzul (dog)
337. tz'i' (dog)
338. tz'utz'ih (coat)
339. tz'ikul (clay)
340. ikatz (bundle)
341. itz'in winik (brother, younger)
342. tz'ap- (hoist)
343. yip- (fill)
344. pay (opossum)
345. pay- (guide)
346. aj pay (guide)
347. putz' (needle for sewing)
348. pitzaj- (play ball)
349. pitz (ballgame)
350. pitzil (ballplaying; ballplayer)
351. et- (work together)
352. ch'en (Well, spring water source, cave)
353. che' (tree)
354. te' (tree)
355. ub te' (tribute cloth)
356. tem (throne)
357. onekelem (strong)
358. neh (tail)
359. peten (province)
360. pencheb (quill/reed/bamboo)
361. chel (rainbow)
362. jel- (replace)
363. tek'- (place)
364. ek- (place)
365. jawante' (plate)
366. che'- (say)
367. k'an te' (seat)
368. eklib (panel)
369. le' (noose)
370. met (nest)
371. nich te' (may flower)
372. pet- (make round)
373. ekatz (load)
374. ch'ak te' (litter, wooden frame)
375. ajawlel (kingship, lordship, rulership)
376. peten (island)
377. ek- (insert, enter)
378. -en (Classic Maya)
379. we' (food)
380. we'em (eating-instrument)
381. we'ib (eating-instrument)
382. we'- (eat bread-like foods)
383. elk'in (east)
384. em- (descend)
385. emal (descend)
386. kej (deer)
387. met (crown)
388. unen (child of father)
389. jel- (change)
390. emak (capston)
391. el- (burn)
392. ekatz (bundle)
393. pepem (bridge)
394. chuwen (artisan)
395. chuy- (weave)
396. joy- (trap; tie; come out, debut)
397. yabak (soot)
398. wayaw (spirit companion, familiar way)
399. way- (sleep; transform)
400. yuk- (shake)
401. wayib (shrine)
402. k'ay- (sing)
403. k'ayom (singer)
404. miyatz (sage, learned)
405. way (room; spirit companion, here)
406. yul- (polish)
407. yokman (pillar)
408. mukuy (pigeon, dove)
409. yum (patron, boss; father)
410. kuy (owl)
411. mayih (offering)
412. mayij (offering)
413. yuwal (now)
414. myni- (Classic Maya)
415. y- (prevocalic: his, her, he, she, it, its)
416. yokib (gorge)
417. mayij (gift)
418. yatik (flower)
419. chay (fish)
420. kay (fish)
421. kayom (fisherman)
422. bay (fat)
423. may (deer)
424. tz'ay- (come down)
425. muyal (cloud)
426. chukyah (capture)
427. yokib (canyon)
428. chil kayul (barracuda)
429. jay (bowl clay bowl)
430. caseeb (stair)
431. sas (stucco, plaster)
432. sabak (soot)
433. wayis (spirit companion)
434. bahis (self)
435. sak bih (road)
436. sinan (scorpion)
437. sak (pure, resplendent, white),
438. sujuy (pure)
439. sus- (peel)
440. spik (period of 400 year)
441. swinik (period of twenty day)
442. usij (vulture; zopilote)
443. us (vulture; zopilote)
444. sih (offering)
445. pas- (open)
446. spuch (intestine)
447. sak chikul (lark)
448. sak lak (incensario)
449. sak lak tun (incensario)
450. mas (hunchback; Goblin)
451. bahisinichil (image)
452. k'abis (hand)
453. olis (heart)
454. sih (gift)
455. sihaj (gift)
456. tis (flatuent)
457. sijom (flower)
458. k'ak'is (fire)
459. sin- (extend a weave)
460. wayis (familiar way)
461. sa'miy (earlier today)
462. usihil uch'ab (child of parent)
463. usihil uchit uch'ab (child of parent)
464. pasaj (dawn)
465. sipul (deer)
466. mabcalabashlekul (cache)
467. sakun winik (brother, older)
468. bahis (being)
469. siy- (be born)
470. sutz' (bat)
471. esa' (atol)
472. sak ha' (atol)
473. sayul (ant)
474. k'as- (break)
475. ox lajun (thirteen)
476. ux lajun (thirteen)
477. ox (three)
478. ux (three, many)
479. max (spider monkey)
480. xok (shark)
481. uxul (sculpture)
482. xamanno (north)
483. ajouk'an max (kink)
484. ix (lady)
485. ixik (lady)
486. xu' (leaf-cutter ant)
487. hix (jaguar)
488. hix balam (jaguar)
489. k'ux- (grind; eat)
490. pixom (headdress)
491. yax (first; green)
492. bix- (go)
493. waxak (eight)
494. waxak lajun (eighteen)
495. yaxun (bird: cotinga)
496. xok (count)
497. xa' (already)
498. yax (blue)
499. uxul (carving)
500. k'al way quetzalk'uk' (quarters, room)
501. tzukpulquechih (province)


Total Popularity of Use (537) 501
A      %     E     %      I      %     O      %       U        %
282 56% 47  9%    137 27%  68 13%     147 29%

B      %     C     %      D      %     F      %       G        %
83  16%   90 17%   0     0%     0     0%       0      0%

H      %     J     %      K      %     L      %       M        %
139 27% 77 15%    179 35% 131 26%  79   15%

N      %     P     %      Q      %     R      %       S        %
106 21% 51  10%    2    <1%    0   0%      44     8%

T      %     V     %      W      %     X      %       Y        %
126  25%  0    0%   52  10%    24   4%      48   9%

Z      %

46   9% 

Continued in part B...

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