Linguistic Archaeology: The U Linguistic Group

The U Linguistic Group

Linguistic Archaeology: GLM - August 2023

 

August 2023 Update

Board with Games: : Tax Collector Board Game

 

Roll 2d6 to move through all hexes until you land on treasury castle where you offload taxes. Any other hex, draw a card. Collect taxes on wagon. Royal visit and dragon raid loot treasury. Dead dragon ignores future dragon cards. Bandit robs wagon. Revolt ends turn.

Just need some coin tokens, and apawn piece...

Enjoy. Will get to that final linguistic archaeology asap.

Exit Vector: This will be my second-last post.

 Having had Covid more than 23 times, and it taken a toll on my eye sight, Its no longer possible to go on. So I hope this was educational. I will  post the August Update of the Global linguistic map.

Anyone interested in anything here is free to use it. You might even make a massive discovery.

All I see is white smoke...

At superposition all life is the same life. :-)

Linguistic Archaeology: The Surveilance State

 All-Seeing-Eye in almost every language

1. All-seeing-eye
2. Alsiende-oog
3. sy që sheh gjithçka
4. huluni yemīyayi ‘ayini
5. kulu aleayn
6. amenates-ach’k’
7. S*F* (assamese)
8. taqi kun uñjañ-nayra
9. hamı görən göz
10. dena ikusten duen begia
11. usioviduščaje voka
12. Saba dēkhā cōkha
13. S* (bhojpuri)
14. svevideće oko
15. vsevizhdashto oko
16. ull que tot ho veu
17. tanan-nakakita-mata
18. diso loona zonse
19. Quán shì zhī yǎn
20. ochju chì vede tuttu
21. vševidoucí oko
22. altseende-øje
23. hurihaa ehcheh fenna loleve
24. SB*B*B (dogri)
25. alziend oog
26. ĉio-vidanta-okulo (esperanto)
27. kõikenägev silm
28. nusianu-kpɔ-ŋku
29. kaikennäkevä silmä
30. Oeil qui voit tout
31. alles-sjen-each
32. ollo que todo o ve
33. q’ovlismkhedveli tvali
34. allsehendes Auge
35. ofthalmós pou vlépei ta pánta
36. opa mba’e ohecháva-tesa
37. Sarva jōnāra āṅkha
38. tout-je-wè
39. Ido mai gani
40. maka ike a pau
41. PJNR*A* (hebrew)
42. sab dekhatee aakhen
43. txhua-pom-qhov muag
44. A mindent látó szem
45. alsjáandi-auga
46. anya niile na-ahụ
47. amin-a-makakita-mata
48. mata yang melihat semuanya
49. uile-fheiceáil-súil
50. l'occhio che tutto vede
51. Subete o mieru me
52. kabeh-ningali-mripat
53. Ellā-nōḍuva-kaṇṇu
54. barlığın köretin köz
55. phnek meulkheunh teangoasa
56. byose-bireba-ijisho
57. *C*P* (konkani)
58. modeun geos-eul boneun nun
59. ɔl-si-ay
60. çavê hemû dîtin (kurmanji kurdish)
61. FA*E*B*N*N (sorani kurdish)
62. baarın körüüçü köz
63. thang mod thi hen ta
64. omni-videns-oculus
65. visu redzošā acs
66. liso oyo ezali komona nyonso
67. visa matanti akis
68. byonna-okulaba-eriiso
69. all-gesinn-Aen
70. se-gledački oko
71. S*B*R* (maithili)
72. maso rehetra
73. semua-melihat-mata
74. allam kaanunna kannu
75. għajn li tara kollox
76. kanohi-kanohi-katoa
77. Sarva pāhaṇārā ḍōḷā
78. *N (manipuri)
79. zawng zawng hmu thei-mit
80. bükhniig khardag nüd
81. myinsamyaha myethci
82. Sabai dēkhnē ām̐khā
83. alt-seende-øye
84. H* (odia)
85. hunda-arguu-ija
86. T*LLE*NKESTRGE (pashto)
87. EME*YZBYNA (persian)
88. wszystko widzące oko
89. o olho que Tudo Vê
90. Sabha dēkhaṇa vālī akha
91. tukuy rikuy-ñawi
92. ochiul atotvăzător
93. vsevidyashcheye oko
94. mata-vaai uma
95. S*M (sanskrit)
96. Sùil uile-lèirsinneach
97. Leihlo la go bona ka moka
98. Svevideće oko
99. Leihlo le bonang tsohle
100. Kuona-kwese-ziso
101. S*DSNDD (sindhi)
102. siyalla dakina-æsa
103. Vševidiace oko
104. Vsevidno oko
105. All-arag-il
106. El ojo que todo lo ve
107. Sadaya-ningali-panon
108. Mwenye kuona-jicho
109. Allseende öga
110. Caşmi hamaʙin
111. Aṉaittaiyum pārkkum-kaṇ
112. K*P*E (tatar)
113. Annī cūsē kannu
114. Thuk s̄āytā
115. *ZRE*AY* (tigrinya)
116. hinkwaswo-ku-vona-tihlo
117. herşeyi gören göz
118. hemme zady görýän
119. aniwa a ɛhu biribiara
120. vsevydyuche oko
121. QBDYKHNE*ALY*NKH (urdu)
122. HEMINI*RG*I (uyghur)
123. hamma narsani ko'ruvchi ko'z
124. toàn-thấy-mắt
125. holl-gweld-llygad
126. Iliso elibona konke
127. ale-zen-aoyg
128. gbogbo-ri-oju
129. iso elibona konke




Popularity of Use
A      %     E     %      I      %     O      %       U        %
100 78%  87 67%  85 66%   67 52%     52 40%

B      %     C     %      D      %     F      %       G        %
25 19%    32 25%   38 29%    5    4%       29 22%

H      %     J     %      K      %     L      %       M        %
53 41%    16 12%   53 41%    53 41%     38 29%

N      %     P     %      Q      %     R      %       S        %
82 64%    11 8%     10   7%     30 23%     71 55%

T      %     V     %      W      %     X      %       Y        %
44 34%   41 32%    8     6%     2    1%       29 22%

Z      %
17 13%


Popularity of use
70% A:
67% E, A:
66% I, E, A:
64% N, I, E, A: *N (manipuri),
55% S, N, I, E, A: S* (bhojpuri),
42% O, S, N, I, E, A:
41% L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: H* (odia),
40% U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A:
34% T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: kanohi-kanohi-katoa,
32% V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A:
29% M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: mata-vaai uma, S*M (sanskrit), S*DSNDD (sindhi), Vsevidno oko, semua-melihat-mata, allam kaanunna kannu, tanan-nakakita-mata, kaikennäkevä silmä, amin-a-makakita-mata, Ellā-nōḍuva-kaṇṇu, visa matanti akis,
25% C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: Caşmi hamaʙin, Annī cūsē kannu, Vševidiace oko, Svevideće oko, çavê hemû dîtin (kurmanji kurdish), omni-videns-oculus, l'occhio che tutto vede, vševidoucí oko, ĉio-vidanta-okulo (esperanto), svevideće oko, amenates-ach’k’,
23% R, C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: maso rehetra, Sùil uile-lèirsinneach,
22% Y, G, R, C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: Thuk s̄āytā, vsevydyuche oko, HEMINI*RG*I (uyghur), toàn-thấy-mắt, Allseende öga, siyalla dakina-æsa, All-arag-il, T*LLE*NKESTRGE (pashto), vsevidyashcheye oko, myinsamyaha myethci, alt-seende-øye, all-gesinn-Aen, se-gledački oko, allsehendes Auge, Ido mai gani, anya niile na-ahụ, mata yang melihat semuanya, kõikenägev silm, All-seeing-eye, Alsiende-oog, huluni yemīyayi ‘ayini, kulu aleayn, ɔl-si-ay, thang mod thi hen ta,
19% B, Y, G, R, C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: Iliso elibona konke, iso elibona konke, Leihlo la go bona ka moka, Leihlo le bonang tsohle, Sabha dēkhaṇa vālī akha, bükhniig khardag nüd, Sabai dēkhnē ām̐khā, S*B*R* (maithili), modeun geos-eul boneun nun, byonna-okulaba-eriiso, sab dekhatee aakhen, Subete o mieru me, dena ikusten duen begia, Saba dēkhā cōkha, SB*B*B (dogri),
13% Z, B, Y, G, R, C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: hamma narsani ko'ruvchi ko'z, ale-zen-aoyg, *ZRE*AY* (tigrinya), herşeyi gören göz, hemme zady görýän, EME*YZBYNA (persian), ochiul atotvăzător, visu redzošā acs, liso oyo ezali komona nyonso, baarın körüüçü köz, barlığın köretin köz, diso loona zonse, alziend oog, A mindent látó szem, vsevizhdashto oko, hamı görən göz,
12% J, Z, B, Y, G, R, C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: hunda-arguu-ija, gbogbo-ri-oju, alsjáandi-auga, byose-bireba-ijisho, Sarva jōnāra āṅkha, usioviduščaje voka, altseende-øje, alles-sjen-each, ochju chì vede tuttu,
8% P, J, Z, B, Y, G, R, C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: Aṉaittaiyum pārkkum-kaṇ, K*P*E (tatar), Sadaya-ningali-panon, Sarva pāhaṇārā ḍōḷā, phnek meulkheunh teangoasa, *C*P* (konkani), maka ike a pau, kabeh-ningali-mripat, opa mba’e ohecháva-tesa, nusianu-kpɔ-ŋku, PJNR*A* (hebrew),
7% Q, P, J, Z, B, Y, G, R, C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: El ojo que todo lo ve, QBDYKHNE*ALY*NKH (urdu), o olho que Tudo Vê, ollo que todo o ve, q’ovlismkhedveli tvali, ull que tot ho veu, Quán shì zhī yǎn, taqi kun uñjañ-nayra, sy që sheh gjithçka, Oeil qui voit tout,
6% W, Q, P, J, Z, B, Y, G, R, C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: aniwa a ɛhu biribiara, holl-gweld-llygad, hinkwaswo-ku-vona-tihlo, Kuona-kwese-ziso, Mwenye kuona-jicho, wszystko widzące oko, tukuy rikuy-ñawi, zawng zawng hmu thei-mit, tout-je-wè,
3% F, W, Q, P, J, Z, B, Y, G, R, C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: ofthalmós pou vlépei ta pánta, uile-fheiceáil-súil, S*F* (assamese), hurihaa ehcheh fenna loleve, FA*E*B*N*N (sorani kurdish),
1% X, F, W, Q, P, J, Z, B, Y, G, R, C, M, D, V, T, U, L, K, H, O, S, N, I, E, A: għajn li tara kollox, txhua-pom-qhov muag,

Conclusion: originating in the A-E-I linguistic subgroup:

A-E-I subgroup                                Sex          %        Dev. Chain            Band Gap    Semitic
• May the way rise up to meet you   93%    (A; E; I; N; T; D; U)
• To Shapeshift                                    91%    (A; E; I; T; F; S)
Provençal                                          F           90%     (A; E; I; N; L; R; S)
• Middle Earth                                     79%      (A; E; I; M)
• All-seeing-eye                                  78%     (A; E; I; N; S; O)              V
Irish                                                   F            74%     (A; E; I; N; R; L; O; H)
• The World Tree                                 73%     (A; E; I; R; D, O)
Scot. Low                                         F            71%      (A; E; I; N; R, L)            H
Berber                                               M           70%     (A; E; I; U; M)                N              ?
• To Laugh                                            69%     (A; E; I; T; S)
• Toy                                                      67%     (A; E; I; O; N)
Hebrew                                            M            66%      (A; E; I; H; N)                                ?
• Goat                                                   47%      (A; E; I; K)
• Iron                                                     45%      (A; E; I; R; N)
The earliest partials are at 64% with *N (manipuri) followed by 55% with S* (bhojpuri),
There is a gap at 42%. Another partial is at 41% with H* (odia), And then another gap at 40%.
The earliest full encounter with the all-seeing eye is at 34% with kanohi-kanohi-katoa (maori). This is followed by a bandgap at 32% before interest in total surveilance returns at 29% rising to a peak at 22% before declining down to 1%.

Lord of the Rings fans will be happy the all-surveiling Eye of Sauron is part of the Middle Earth story in real life. Yay for the Surveilance State.

Short Fiction: The Labyrinth of Theseus

SHORT FICTION: THE LABYINTH OF THESEUS
They had seen the great red mud-walled city from the far bank of its wide river, the smoke of their cooking fires meaning it had not been long abandoned at our approach. The Legion crossed ahead of them at the narrow stone causeway to its opening that faced the river with instruction to take the walled city and signal when it was secured.

Within, the Legion marched, the path narrow, allowing no more that two at a time. And warriors lining the high mud walls of the city of death on both sides. The legions encountering no hostility or violence. But the Labyrinth, long and winding down its single path reached an end that led to no palace or marketplace.

And then there were Women. The one above the end of the path, Tall, Physically strong and beautiful, black-skinned and short cut black hair, in armour, and a spear in her hands like the rest of the warriors, though she did not wear the face-obscuring helmet of bronze common with Greeks that every other warrior, man and woman, lining the wall of the Labyrinth wore.

I would like to tell you the Commander at the front of this intruding army spoke politely, and conveyed to her that we were not here to sack and burn her city, and rape her fellow citizens.
Rather that the commander approached to speak with the ruler of this place. I would like to tell you that is what happened. But this man was a soldier of the Empire. The sum total of his negotiation skills involved the point of a sword. He might have once negotiated with a merchant in a village market place of whatever tribe he hailed from in his youth before military service, but years of rape and murder with an army at his back had made him a different kind of man.

He insulted her. I can't tell you the words he would have used. And though several Legionaires scaled the walls quickly, taking the conflict to the battlements with the aid of those they climbed up, it was still a massacre with no survivors. Warriors with long bronze spears stabbing down into the confined army.

A few legionaires, facing the reality that there was nothing here but ambush and death, retreated back along the miles long length of the winding labyrinth, one at last even approaching the entrance and its causeway before he was cut down.

The stone causeway was marked by large circlular stones, the tops of columns sunk deep into the river and its silts. But the rest of the causeway was as though it were cobbled stones. No citizens fetched water at the river bank, nor were any in view around the odd building that looked like a cluster of close, windowless dwellings, but likely was the palace of the King of the city. It sat unwalled on the bank of the river to the right of the walled 'city' and did not have pathways between the dwellings indicating they were a single structure.

The causeway entrance was being swept by an old man. Elderly and pale having not burned under the daily toil of the Sun. He was going bald but for a white laural of hair, and a long white beard and moustach down to a point on his chest, hanging over his heavy grey wool robes. And he stepped onto the second Chariot behind the armoured rooster driving its horse, the King of the Labyrinth placing his left hand on the driver's right shoulder reasuring them to their slaughter.

And I, the ghost of Theseus, followed them into the Labyrinth, having myself never truly escaped, enthralled by the horror of their end. And bound to guide them from the Labyrinth to far off Hades on their death. 

Basic Expert: Save vs what Poison?

Dungeons & Drsgons will ask you to Save vs Poison, but it wont tell you what is poisonous. Apart from Wolvesbane which is nasty lethal that you wont even get a saving throw. You just drop dead 2d4 painful hours later after trampling through the undergrowth on your Guild Quest to pick the herb. It was perhaps reckless to even include that in game. But its not the only poison hiding in plain sight. The Gem stones in the treasures section can only be described as unpleasant. They don't even qualify for a saving throw. Ingestion is to be considered lethal for Highly toxic, and permanantly damaging for those of Low Toxicity. Only Magic could eliminate the poison from your system. And perhaps that is how it should be.


D&D Rules Cyclopedia Gem Value Table
1dl00      Value (gp)     Examples           Toxicity          Hazard
01-03       10                  Agate                  Low                Silicosis
                                        quartz                 High               Silicosis
                                        turquoise            Low                Copper
04-10       50                  Crystal               Varies             Lead is toxic
                                        jasper                 Low                Silicosis
                                        onyx                    Low                 Silicosis
11-25       100                Amber                High                  Organic Material
                                        amethyst           High                  Silicosis
                                        coral                   High                  Organic Material
                                        garnet                None Known    NA
                                        jade                    None Known    NA
26-46       500                Aquamarine     None Known    NA
                                        pearl                  High                  Organic Material
                                        topaz                 None Known    NA
47-71       1,000             Carbuncle        None Known    NA     
                                        opal                   Low                   Silicosis
72-90       5,000             Emerald           None Known      NA
                                        ruby                  None Known      NA
                                        sapphire          None Known      NA
91-97       10,000           Diamond         None Known       NA
                                        jacinth             Low                       Zirconium; soluble in acids
98-00       Special          Starstone*

                                        tristal** 

Dungeon Craft: WOTC Parodied

 

Its close to the end of the Beginning? Or the Beginning of the End?

Mystaran Setting: Nekron

 

Nekron: Neutral Magic-user; L18; 29hp; S7, I18, W11, D11, C11, Ch15; magic item: Face of Nekron Artifact of enthropy, power: Wish (specialized), penalty & handicap: immortal form as life force bound to skin taken from nekron's face, anyone seeing the face plots to take it.

Linguistic Archaeology: That time we built Mounds

 Mound in almost every language

1. Mound
2. Heuwel
3. Tumë
4. gubita
5. tall
6. Blur
7. Montículo
8. kurqan
9. Kuluba
10. Tumulua
11. Kurhan
12. Ḍhibi
13. Mogila
14. Monticle
15. Bungtod
16. Mulu
17. Zhǒng
18. Tumulu
19. Nasip
20. Kopeček
21. Høj
22. maund
23. heuvel
24. Tumulo (esperanto)
25. Küngas
26. Togbɛ
27. punso
28. Röykkiö
29. Monticule
30. Terp
31. bortsvi
32. Hügel
33. Anáchoma
34. Montículo
35. Maṇa
36. Tumaki
37. Puʻu
38. T* (hebrew)
39. teela
40. Poob
41. halom
42. Haugur
43. Mkpọtu
44. Bunton
45. Gundukan
46. dumha
47. Tumulo
48. Maundo
49. Dibba
50. Üyindi
51. pomnouk
52. Ikirunga
53. *A (konkani)
54. tusupan
55. *N* (sorani kurdish)
56. Döbö
57. phu
58. Tumulum (latin)
59. Pilskalns
60. Piliakalnis
61. Ekifunvu
62. Mogila
63. dongon-tany
64. Busut
65. kunnu
66. Puke
67. Ḍhigārā
68. dov
69. taung phoet
70. Ḍhilō
71. Haug
72. Tuullaa
73. *NDY (pashto)
74. TPE (persian)
75. Kopiec
76. Monte
77. Ṭīlā
78. Movilă
79. Kurgan
80. Mauga
81. Mullach
82. Mount
83. Thabana
84. Murwi
85. DD* (sindhi)
86. goḍælla
87. Mohyla
88. Tulin
89. Kilima
90. Hög
91. Maunt
92. Mēṭu
93. Тау
94. Nein
95. Nhulu ya ndzhuti
96. höyük
97. TYLA (urdu)
98. Tepalik
99. gò
100. Twmpath
101. Indunduma
102. bergele
103. Òkìtì

Popularity of Use
A      %     E     %      I      %     O      %       U        %
46 45%    21 20%   31 30%  37 36%      52 50%

B      %     C     %      D      %     F      %       G        %
14 13%    8   7%      19 18%   1   <1%      21 20%

H      %     J     %      K      %     L      %       M        %
22 21%    1 <1%      22 21%   34 33%     34 33%

N      %     P     %      Q      %     R      %       S        %
38 37%    18 17%    1  <1%     11 10%     8      7%

T      %     V     %      W      %     X      %       Y        %
39 38%    5   4%      3     2%     0    0%       9     8%

Z      %
2    1%


Popularity of use
50% U:
45% A, U:*A (konkani),
38% T, A, U: T* (hebrew),
37% N, T, A, U: *N* (sorani kurdish),
36% O, N, T, A, U:
33% L, M, O, N, T, A, U: Tumulum (latin), Tuullaa, Mount, Maunt, teela, Tumulo, Maundo, Mound, tall, Tumulua, Mulu, Tumulu, maund, Tumulo (esperanto), Maṇa,
30% I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: Ṭīlā, Tulin,
21% K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: Kilima, Òkìtì, kunnu, Ḍhilō, halom, dumha, Tumaki,
20% G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: Monte, Mauga, Gundukan, Mogila, Haug, Mogila, Hügel, Tumë, Mēṭu, Nein, gò, Hög,
18% D, G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: DD* (sindhi), goḍælla, Indunduma, Ḍhilō,
17% P, D, G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: TPE (persian), Tepalik, taung phoet, Puke, pomnouk, phu, Puʻu, Mkpọtu,
13% B, P, D, G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: Döbö, Thabana, Poob, Bunton, Dibba, Bungtod, Ḍhibi, Kuluba, gubita, Togbɛ,
10% R, B, P, D, G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: Kurgan, bergele, Haugur, Ikirunga, Ḍhigārā, Blur, Kurhan, Terp,
8% Y, R, B, P, D, G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: höyük, TYLA (urdu), Mohyla, Тау, *NDY (pashto), Üyindi, dongon-tany, Röykkiö,
7% S, C, Y, R, B, P, D, G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: Kopiec, Mullach, Pilskalns, Piliakalnis, Busut, Nasip, Anáchoma, Montículo, Monticule, Monticle, Kopeček, Montículo, Küngas, punso,
4% V, S, C, Y, R, B, P, D, G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: dov, Movilă, heuvel, bortsvi,
2% W, V, S, C, Y, R, B, P, D, G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: Murwi, Twmpath, Heuwel,
1% Z, W, V, S, C, Y, R, B, P, D, G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: Nhulu ya ndzhuti, Zhǒng,
<1% Q, J, F, Z, W, V, S, C, Y, R, B, P, D, G, E, K, H, I, L, M, O, N, T, A, U: Høj, Ekifunvu, kurqan,
0% X


Conclysion: Originating in the U linguistic group.

U group                                 Sex         %      Dev. Chain                Bandgap
Sumerian Dictionary                        72%    (U; A; S, I; M; R; N)
Tolkien's Black Speech                    53%    (U; A; G; R, H)
Mound                                                50%    (U; A; T; N, O)
Old Dwarvish (Dragon #66)            43%   (U; A; R; N; K; Z)

The earliest partial mound is at 45% with *A (konkani), followed by 38% with T* (hebrew), to 37% with *N* (sorani kurdish). This is followed at 36% with a bandgap,
Mounds become popular peaking at 33% and then declining before peaking at 7%. They then decline down to <1%.

This changes the idea that U is an error.

Linguistic Archaeology: Global Linguistic Map July 2023

 

Global Linguistic Map July 2023